Compressor



E. F. LOGAN Dec. 31, 1935.

COMPRESSOR Filed NOV. 14, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet .1.

INVENTOR W ATTORNEYS E. F. LOGAN Dec. 31, 1935.

COMPRES SOR Filed Nov. 14, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 277261925]? LQQCZE ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 31, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

The invention relates to a fluid compressor and more particularly to mechanism by which air, gases or liquid can be brought to any desiredpressure without loss.

The primary object of the invention is the provisionof mechanism of this character, wherein air; gases or liquid can be brought to any desired pressure without-loss by the use of a liquid'as'a piston instead of the employment of the ordinary piston and rings, thereby eliminating the escapes past'the rings or pistons used in an ordinary compressor which results in a loss of compression.

Another object of the invention is the provision of mechanism of this character wherein the constructionand' assembly are novel and assure maximum compression.

- A further object of the invention is the provision of mechanism of this character which is comparatively simple'in construction, thoroughly reliable and effective in its purpose, susceptible of heavy duty, durable, and inexpensive to manufacture.

With these and other objects in view, the'inven'- tio'n consistsin the features of construction; combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinaftei more fully described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose the preferred embodiment of the invention, and pointed out in the claim hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the compressor constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is an elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal sectional view.

Figure'4 is a vertical transverse sectional view.

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken through the.hydraulic pressure pump of the threecylinder type.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the compressor comprises a hydraulic pump including a housing I0 having therein a vertical partition II dividing the interior of the housing into chambers I2 and I3, respectively. Suitably mounted in the side walls of the housing II] are bearings I4 in which is journaled a crank shaft I5, the bearings being fitted with packing glands I6 to eliminate loss of lubricant as contained within the chamber I3. Formed in the housing ID are three hydraulic pressure pump cylinders I'I, these being integrally formed with the said housing I0 and partition I I in spaced parallel relation to each other and in communication with the respective cylinders I1, 10:

these having the valved inlets 24 communicating with the chamber I2 in which is contained mercury, water or any liquid desired, the choice of the liquid being dependent on the adaptability of the air, gas or liquid to be compressed. The mani 16' fold 23 at the points of communication thereof with the cylinders I! is provided with check valves 25, these preventing back flow of the liquid when forced-into the manifold from the chamber I2. The manifold 23, through the leads 26 and 21, has connection with the casing 28 of a fourport four-way cook 29 and this casing 28 for the cock, through leads 3i], hasconnection with the heads of a double acting cylinder 3I in which onerates a reciprocating piston 32 carried by a reciprocatory piston rod or plunger 33, the ends of the cylinder 3| being fitted with packing glands 34 surrounding said piston rod or plunger 33.

The ends of the piston rod or plunger 33 operate in compression cylinders 35, these being 10- cated on opposite sides of the cylinder 3| and each including a vertical portion 36 joined by an elbow coupling 31 with the horizontal portion 38. The vertical portion 36 of each cylinder carries a head 39 having the valved intake and ex- 35 haust nipples 40 and M, respectively, the latter being adapted for communication with a storage tank for the compressed fluid, while the nipple 46 is adapted for connection with a fluid supply to be compressed. The ends of the piston rod or plunger 33 operate through packing glands 42 carried by the horizontal portions 38 of the cylinders 35 and such glands constitute guides for the ends of the shaft 33 to prevent unnecessary friction and to hold these ends in a position that they will not touch the walls of said cylinders 35.

The stem 43 of the cook 29 has fixed thereto a cross throw arm or crank 44, while centered with respect to the axis of the stem 43 is a vertical support 45 to which is pivoted, at 46, a swinging weight lever 47 which operates upon the crank 44 for the turning of the cock 29 automatically to regulate and direct the flow of liquid to and from the chamber I3 and the cylinder 3|.

Carried by the rod or plunger 33at opposite ends of the cylinder 3| are hangers 48 for a trip bar or rail49 having thereon adjustable trips 50,these operating in the path of the lower end of the lever 4! so that when the rod or plunger 33 is reciprocated it will automatically throw the lever for the control of the cook 29, as will be clearly apparent from Figure 2 of the drawings. The adjustment of the trips on the bar or rail 49 permits the proper setting of these trips for the control of the cook 23 according to the length of stroke of the shaft 31.

In the operation of the compressor the fluid displaced by the rod or plunger 33 fills the compression space of each cylinder 35, this compression space being in the vertical portion 36 of each cylinder and in doing this forces air out from said vertical portion 36 through the exhaust nipple 4! into a storage tank. On the reverse stroke of the rod or plunger 33 the liquid 5| in each cylinder 35 regains its former level before displacement, drawing air into the compression space through inlet nipple 40.

The rod or plunger 33 is driven by the liquid directed to either side of the piston 32 through either lead 30 from the chamber IS, the cook 29 being automatically controlled and timed for the flow of said liquid to and from the chamber [3 and the cylinder 3| so that in lieu of the use of an ordinary piston and rings, maximum compression is had in the working of the compressor and Without the loss of compression as results in the use of such ordinary piston and its rings.

On the ends of the crank 44 are rollers 5|, these protruding into the path of the swing of the lever 47 so that when the latter is rocked by the striker 50 the said leverwill engage the rollers 5| at the highest point of the arcuate movement of the crank 44, whereby the latter will be caused to turn, thereby shifting the valve 29, it being understood, of course, that the uppermost end of the lever carries a suitable weight, indicated at 52, and in this manner, that is to say, the throwing of the lever 41, the valve is turned as heretofore indicated.

The mercury or like operating fluid for the plunger 32 is maintained at a constant forceable flow between the pump chamber l3 and the double acting cylinder in two directions. The fluid is forced by the pump pistons through the lead or branch 26 of the manifold a port of the valve 29 through one of the branches 30 to act on the 5 plunger to cause the same to force the fluid through the second lead 30 and the port of the valve 29 which is now in communication with the fluid return lead 21. The fluid is preferably of a non-vaporous nature and may be employed for an indefinite period of time. The fluid, however, may be replenished through a normally closed opening in the top of the chamber 13 (see Fig. 4).

What is claimed is:

A compressor, for the purpose set forth, includ- 15 ing, in combination, a double-action cylinder having a plunger head therein, pistons on the faces of the plunger working through the ends of the cylinder and also working in compression cylinders at the ends of the double-action cylinder, a pump for forcing and maintaining a required quantity of operating fluid into double-acting cylinder and to return certain quantity of such fluid to the pump to insure timed reciprocation of the head in the cylinder, said pump comprising a box-like body divided by a partition into two chambers, a crank shaft journaled for rotation through one of the chambers, means for rotating the shaft, pistons on the cranks of the shaft the second chamber having a removable top and having a fluid body therein, cylinders between the partition and the outer end of said fluid chambers and within which cylinders the crank carrying pistons work, said cylinders having valve closed fluid inlet valves in their sides and valve controlled back-pressure valves at their outer ends, a manifold having branches connected with the cylinders and other branches communicating with the ends of the double-action cylinder and a straight lead connecting said branches, a housing for a four way valve in said lead, a fluid return pipe leading from said housing to the fluid chamber in the pump, and means actuated by the movement of the compression pistons for actuating the valve.

ERNEST F. LOGAN. 

